Myanmar’s unusually fertile soils and abundant water source are legendary in Southeast Asia. It is even said that Myanmar has the most favorable agricultural conditions in all of Asia. Almost anything can be grown in the country, from fruits to vegetables, from rice to pulses. The agriculture sector dominates the economy, contributing 38% of GDP, and employing more than 60% of the workforce. The importance of agriculture in the economy and as an employer will diminish in coming years as a result of structural transformation. However, the sector will continue to play a remarkable role in reducing poverty in Myanmar for many years to come.
Myanmar’s farming systems are well diversified. A recent farm economics study by the World Bank and LIFT (Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund) found that most farms produce paddy during monsoon season but grow a variety of other crops such as beans and pluses, oil seeds, and maize during dry season. This is a very positive development as it helps to strengthen resilience of farming systems and effectively manage water during dry spells. In addition, the rice consumption per person is lower than reported in official statistics (132 kg instead of reported 175 kg). This shows that people’s food basket consists of more proteins or vegetables in addition to rice, which is very important to combat Myanmar’s high levels of malnutrition. (Courtesy of blogs.worldbank.org)
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